apt-get update 慢解决方案更换国内镜像源Debian/Ubuntu一、原理apt-get update慢是因为默认官方源服务器在国外替换国内镜像阿里云、清华、163、中科大可大幅提速。二、操作步骤Ubuntu / Debian 通用1. 备份原有源文件必做出错可恢复sudocp/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak2. 编辑源文件sudonano/etc/apt/sources.list清空里面所有原有内容粘贴下方对应系统镜像。3. 国内镜像源推荐1Ubuntu 22.04 Jammy 清华源deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse2Ubuntu 20.04 Focal 清华源deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse3Debian 12 Bookworm 清华源deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware阿里云 Ubuntu 通用稳定把mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn替换成mirrors.aliyun.com即可。4. 保存退出 nanoCtrlO→ 回车保存 →CtrlX退出5. 更新缓存sudoapt-getupdatesudoapt-getupgrade-y三、额外提速小技巧禁用不必要的源注释不用的 backports/security加#开头减少下载索引数量。使用 aria2 多线程下载安装多线程下载工具加速 aptsudoaptinstallapt-transport-aria2服务器内网优先厂商源阿里云ECS用阿里云内网源、腾讯CVM用腾讯源不走公网速度拉满。清理旧缓存sudoaptclean四、恢复默认官方源如果镜像异常还原备份sudocp/etc/apt/sources.list.bak /etc/apt/sources.listsudoaptupdate一键替换阿里云源Ubuntu 22.04 jammy单条命令自动备份写入sudocp/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.baksudotee/etc/apt/sources.list-EOF deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse EOF执行完再更新sudoapt-getupdate如果你是 Ubuntu20.04(focal) 一键命令sudocp/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.baksudotee/etc/apt/sources.list-EOF deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse EOFDebian12 bookworm 阿里云一键命令sudocp/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.baksudotee/etc/apt/sources.list-EOF deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware EOF说明自动备份原文件sources.list.bak出问题一键恢复sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list.bak /etc/apt/sources.listtee直接覆盖写入无需手动编辑保存整条复制直接运行即可。全系列一键阿里云换源命令复制直接运行自动备份写入无需手动保存一、树莓派 Raspberry Pi OSARMapt体系两条文件一键覆盖1. Bullseye主流树莓派64位# 备份并替换系统源sudocp/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.baksudotee/etc/apt/sources.list-EOF deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/raspbian/raspbian/ bullseye main non-free contrib rpi deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/raspbian/raspbian/ bullseye main non-free contrib rpi EOF# 备份并替换树莓派硬件专属源sudocp/etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list.baksudotee/etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list-EOF deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/raspberrypi/debian/ bullseye main uifiles deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/raspberrypi/debian/ bullseye main uifiles EOF# 更新缓存sudoapt-getupdate2. Bookworm新版树莓派sudocp/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.baksudotee/etc/apt/sources.list-EOF deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/raspbian/raspbian/ bookworm main non-free contrib rpi deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/raspbian/raspbian/ bookworm main non-free contrib rpi EOFsudocp/etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list.baksudotee/etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list-EOF deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/raspberrypi/debian/ bookworm main uifiles deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/raspberrypi/debian/ bookworm main uifiles EOFsudoapt-getupdate二、openEuler 欧拉系统dnf/yum体系两种一键方案方案1sed全局替换最简单条自动替换域名适配所有版本22.03/24.03sudocp/etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.repo.baksudosed-is#repo.openeuler.org#mirrors.aliyun.com/openeuler#g/etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.reposudodnf clean allsudodnf makecache方案2完整重写repo推荐带GPG校验稳定sudocp/etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.repo.baksudotee/etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.repo-EOF [OS] nameopenEuler-$releasever - OS baseurlhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/openeuler/$releasever/OS/$basearch/ enabled1 gpgcheck1 gpgkeyhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/openeuler/$releasever/OS/repodata/repomd.xml.key [everything] nameopenEuler-$releasever - Everything baseurlhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/openeuler/$releasever/everything/$basearch/ enabled1 gpgcheck1 gpgkeyhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/openeuler/$releasever/everything/repodata/repomd.xml.key [EPOL] nameopenEuler-$releasever - EPOL baseurlhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/openeuler/$releasever/EPOL/$basearch/ enabled1 gpgcheck1 gpgkeyhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/openeuler/$releasever/EPOL/repodata/repomd.xml.key EOFsudodnf clean allsudodnf makecache三、Ubuntu x86 一键阿里源之前整理汇总Ubuntu22.04 jammysudocp/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.baksudotee/etc/apt/sources.list-EOF deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse EOFsudoapt-getupdateUbuntu20.04 focalsudocp/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.baksudotee/etc/apt/sources.list-EOF deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse EOFsudoapt-getupdate四、Debian 一键阿里源Debian12 bookwormsudocp/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.baksudotee/etc/apt/sources.list-EOF deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware EOFsudoapt-getupdate通用恢复备份命令所有系统出错回滚apt系Ubuntu/Debian/树莓派sudocp/etc/apt/sources.list.bak /etc/apt/sources.list# 树莓派额外恢复硬件源sudocp/etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list.bak /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.listsudoaptupdateopenEuler 欧拉sudocp/etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.repo.bak /etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.reposudodnf makecache